Xiaolangdi Dam Project on the Yellow River is a historic milestone in China’s water resources and hydropower engineering. The Project involved 189,700 relocatees, and the World Bank highly praised, concluding that “the Xiaolangdi resettlement is a model of cooperation between China and the World Bank, and has created a way for other borrower countries to build large water conservancy facilities and properly deal with the resettlement”. In terms of environmental protection, the Project pioneered for both environmental protection management throughout planning, design and construction, and also environmental supervision in China, gaining the title of “Top 100 National Environmental Protection Projects”.